Acids and Acid Residues
Formulas and names of school acids, their residues and the names of their salts.
| Formula | Acid | Residue | Salts |
|---|---|---|---|
| HF | hydrofluoric | F− | fluorides |
| HCl | hydrochloric | Cl− | chlorides |
| HBr | hydrobromic | Br− | bromides |
| HI | hydroiodic | I− | iodides |
| H2S | hydrosulfuric | S2− | sulfides |
| HNO3 | nitric | NO3− | nitrates |
| HNO2 | nitrous | NO2− | nitrites |
| H2SO4 | sulfuric | SO42− | sulfates |
| H2SO3 | sulfurous | SO32− | sulfites |
| H2CO3 | carbonic | CO32− | carbonates |
| H2SiO3 | silicic | SiO32− | silicates |
| H3PO4 | phosphoric | PO43− | phosphates |
| CH3COOH | acetic | CH3COO− | acetates |
The name of a salt comes from the metal and the acid residue: Na2SO4 is sodium sulfate. The charge of the residue equals the number of hydrogen atoms the acid can give up.
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